FRANCE: "The RSA is not a salary but a safety net

With his proposed reform of Revenue solidarité active (RSA), the French Minister for European Affairs, Laurent Wauquiez, caused an uproar on the left and right, and even within the government.

Sunday, the minister, speaking as leader of the club "The social right", proposed to cap the accumulated social benefits to 75% of the minimum wage (SMIC) or requesting five hours Weekly social service recipients of the RSA in exchange for payment of their allowance. Objective: to fight against the "cancer of the assistantship" in the words of the minister.

Immediately, several government figures have stood the initiative of Laurent Wauquiez.On Tuesday, Prime Minister Francois Fillon flew to the aid of this speech establishment in May 2007 under the leadership of Martin Hirsch, then High Commissioner for Active Solidarity against Poverty. "Thanks to the RIAA, return to work is more attractive than the dependence of solidarity, said the head of government in the National Assembly.The RSA is an advance over the RMI [minimum integration income, ed]. "

For Helen Perivier, an economist at the French Observatory of Economic Conditions (OFCE), the tracks of reform Laurent Wauquiez upset the very nature of social assistance and, therefore, the French social model.

FRANCE 24 - How would the Minister Laurent Wauquiez they trigger such an outcry?

Helen Perivier - Currently, people who touch the RSA must actively seek employment. They are supposed to be covered either by social workers or through outplacement services as the employment center, or both, so that it can work again as soon as possible.Jobs in assisted contracts in the nonprofit sector is the major route of reintegration into employment of recipients of welfare benefits.

However, these jobs are more or less general interest in the work recommended by Laurent Wauquiez [monitoring outside schools, cleaning, reception in public services, Ed]. This statement is therefore to stigmatize people who touch the RSA but does nothing in terms of stimulating the job market or re-employment in this population. The danger would be to move from a logic of solidarity, which is based on social assistance in France, a logic of "workfare" pure, ie reimbursement of aid paid by a few hours.The RSA is not a salary as a salary provides access to social rights (pensions, unemployment insurance, etc..), But a guaranteed minimum income, which represents a last safety net.

F24 - It is therefore to change the nature of the French social model ...

HP - Everything is a question of balance between the idea of ​​merit and solidarity. In France, it is clear that the solidarity prevails, but this assay is moving in time. With the implementation of RSA, it has already moved the cursor to the merits, since moved to supplement the wages first by a grant once the unemployed back into employment.

F24 - Are there other countries in cases of "social service" as proposed by Laurent Wauquiez?

HP- United States, for example, welfare is clearly based more on the concept of merit than on solidarity. This logic has hardened in the 1980s with President Ronald Reagan, and "workfare", which means "work for your welfare" ["work for your own wealth"] was true act in the mid- 1990 with the reform of social assistance. Some states, like Indiana, have a very strict and follow a logical allocation of reimbursement by a community service.

SPECULATION: Banks fingered in rising food prices

The food market would be better off without the investment banks? Undoubtedly, "replied the British NGO World Development Movement (WDM) - the equivalent of Transparency International for all economic development issues - which on Tuesday released a new study of the impact of speculation on rising food prices whose level reached today than in 2008, during the riots. "Banks have depleted plunged into famine and millions of people in developing countries," says FRANCE 24's and Murray Worthy, head of WDM strategies.

Since the financial crisis, banks have certainly become easy targets, but figures provided by the NGOs are talking.British bank Barclays, for example, collected 383 million euros in 2010 by simply betting on rising food prices. "It's an estimate that we made from public figures from Barclays Capital [the investment bank Barclays, Ed] and data market," said Murray Worthy. Barclays declined to respond to these assertions.

This taste of the British bank for speculation in these markets has no equal in Europe. Only U.S. banks Goldman Sachs and Morgan Stanley are the strongest.Thus, according WDM, Goldman Sachs dominates this small world of speculators with a billion dollars (684 million) collected per year in these markets.

After the subprime

Speculation on food are certainly since the early 20th century, but has reached dangerous levels at the dawn of the 2008 food crisis. In 2003, she was indeed the order of $ 3 billion per year ... against 55 billion in 2008, said Olivier De Schutter, the UN special rapporteur for the right to food. "2011 should be another record year," warns Murray Worthy.The amount of speculative trading on commodity markets (food, energy, metals) is expected to reach $ 400 billion this year, against 300 billion in 2008, the UN says.

The appetite of investment banks for food grew after the collapse of the subprime bubble. "They have sought a new home which was not yet regulated in which to invest too quickly," Murray decrypts Worthy.They were then reminded that the U.S. had deregulated the marketing of foodstuffs in the early 2000s.

Bubble

Barclays Capital, Goldman Sachs and others have then imported and developed financial products that made the heyday of the U.S. housing market ... before driving to his loss. "These banks have transformed the property market is often vital for people in financial market," laments Murray Worthy. Barclays Capital has even created the equivalent of CDOs ("Collateralized Debt Obligation") for raw materials, these highly sophisticated financial products which have played an important role in the subprime crisis.They allowed players who have no connection with the purchase and sale of maize, wheat and other grains - such as pension funds - to invest their money in these markets, denounces World Development Movement.

The NGO acknowledges that speculation is only one element among many of soaring food prices. The OECD estimates that the weather conditions, the development of biofuels and the current instability of the Arab countries have a greater impact. But for WDM, speculation escape increasingly out of control. "The bubble is now grow very quickly," warns Murray Worthy.The NGO estimated that it would limit the amounts that banks can invest in the markets for food products and better frame the nature of transactions. Recommendations already made by the European Commission in 2008 ...

FOOTBALL: The Elephants for peace in Cote d'Ivoire

He has done everything that the Ivorian presidential election last November takes place in a climate of serenity, creating a media campaign around the Elephant and the democratic process, but these are the weapons that will ultimately have the last word. Regis Lemon, president of the association Foot'Attitude, did not let down either.Laurent Gbagbo to stop, Regis Lemon gave football to the heart of its action for the process of reconciliation between the supporters of former president and his successor, Alassane Ouattara, is set in the best possible conditions.

"For now, players do not have much voice in the media because the situation is still very unstable here and we want to avoid the danger that their words will be misinterpreted. But they are very involved," says Regis Lemon who lived through the dark hours of the battle of Abidjan since his residence in the district of Cocody in Abidjan.

"All the players are aware of the role they can play peacemaker in the process of reconciliation that is in place.The next action Foot'Attitude be held in early June for the return match against the Beninese, "promises Regis Lemon who hopes that his message, this time it will of course.

These photos were taken during the match Ivory Coast-Benin accounting for the qualifications of the CAN-2012. This meeting should be played March 27 in Abidjan, but it was finally relocated to Accra in Ghana. Foot'Attitude hopes this experience will be renewed in the second leg on June 3 at Porto Novo.

LIBYA: The "contact group" will provide funds for the rebels Libyan

AFP - An international conference on Libya in Qatar announced Wednesday the creation of a fund to help Libyan rebellion and reiterated the need for a departure of Colonel Muammar Gaddafi to resolve the crisis.

The first meeting of the Contact Group on Libya, in Doha, stressed the need to provide the rebels who hold the Eastern countries the means to defend himself, while refusing to explicitly include in the aid of military equipment.

The meeting, under the joint chairmanship of Great Britain and Qatar, was attended by twenty countries and organizations for nearly four weeks after March 19 of a multinational force under UN mandate to protect civilians.

The final statement, the Contact Group has decided "the establishment of a temporary financial mechanism" to provide the Transitional National Council, the political arm of the rebellion, "ways to manage aid and meet the needs urgent "areas controlled by rebels.

The Group also stressed "the need for (Colonel) Gaddafi to relinquish power" to encourage settlement of the crisis, the statement said.

The Gaddafi regime "must relinquish power," withdraw its forces from the cities and "put an immediate end to violence against civilians," said today's statement.

The text stresses the need to provide "material support" to people under rebel control. "The Libyan people need medicine and other means to resist," Sheikh Hamad assured, not to indicate clearly if weapons fell into this category.

The Italian Foreign Minister Franco Frattini told the press that Rome, which will host the second meeting of the Contact Group, considered as non-offensive military equipment could be delivered to the rebellion.

European ministers showed differences on this issue.The Belgian Minister of Foreign Affairs Vanackere, who represented his country and the Netherlands in Doha, countered that "the resolutions of the UN plan to protect civilians, but not the arm."

The head of French diplomacy Alain Juppe has excluded its share to help the Libyan rebels to arm themselves.It is planned to "help them obtain financing, to strengthen, but there was no question of arms supplies," he said.

In opening the meeting, UN chief Ban Ki-moon urged the international community to remain united, to prevent a humanitarian tragedy in that country in North Africa than six million people, nearly 3.6 million could need aid.

The military standoff between the rebels holding the Benghazi region (east) and forces loyal to Muammar Gaddafi in Tripoli that entrenched in (West) created within NATO, which leads NATO operations, the spectrum of a stalemate.

Two major partners of the coalition, France and Great Britain have called for stronger action by NATO, which took command on March 31.

CNT, who attended the meeting in Doha, has claimed an increase in NATO strikes.

"We want more air strikes against tanks and missile launch sites" from the army loyal to Colonel Qaddafi, told AFP in charge of External Relations of the National Transition Council, Ali al-Issawi.

A meeting of the Alliance is scheduled for Thursday in Berlin to discuss operations in Libya, which must involve the Secretary of State Hillary Clinton defended the role of the transatlantic organization.

The United States who had taken command of the coalition as a first step, before announcing the withdrawal of their ground attack aircraft, revealed Wednesday that U.S. fighter jets bombed air defense always Jamahiriya.

On the ground, the rebel forces have retaken the town of Ajdabiya (east) to 160 km south of Benghazi, a stronghold of the insurgents-knot strategic road theater deadly fighting in recent days, but the units pro-Qadhafi maintained there their pressure by sporadic gunfire.

Two big explosions were heard Wednesday in Tripoli, whose origin was not immediately known, were seen AFP journalists.

Earlier, the official Libyan Jana stated that NATO forces have conducted raids on Wednesday and Al-Aziziyah Misrata (west) and at Sirte, the hometown of Libyan leader Muammar Gaddafi, 600 km east of Tripoli.

The new Libyan Foreign Minister Abdelati Laabidi, named after the recent defection of his predecessor, came to his side to Cyprus where he will meet Thursday his Cypriot counterpart Marcos Kyprianou.

COTE D'IVOIRE: Alassane Ouattara allied forces take control of Yamoussoukro

AFP - Ivorian President forces acknowledged by the international community Wednesday Alassane Ouattara have accentuated their pressure on the regime of outgoing President Laurent Gbagbo in taking the political capital Yamoussoukro, as tensions rose in Abidjan.

On the third day of the offensive, this highly symbolic victory comes four months after the beginning of a post-election crisis which has, according to UN figures, at least 460 people and displaced nearly a million people.

It is a major setback for incumbent President Laurent Gbagbo, whose regime is isolated diplomatically and economically strangled, and whose forces seem to fall back on the economic capital Abidjan, the heart of a power that has never been so threatened.

"Mr.Gbagbo has a few more hours to go, otherwise it will march on Abidjan. And it will be much more complicated for him, "warned France 24 Guillaume Soro, Prime Minister Ouattara.

In the metropolis of Abidjan, many residents have returned home hurriedly in the afternoon, reporters found the AFP. Shots were heard in several northern districts. The Plateau, where the presidential palace, the traffic was very limited.

Mr. Republican ForcesOuattara, composed mainly ex-rebels holding the north since 2002, continued their advance Wednesday and taking Soubré Yamoussoukro, 130 km north of San Pedro (south-west), the largest export port in the world cocoa .

They had already won important victories on Tuesday in entering Duekoue, Daloa (center-west) and Bondoukou (east), but also Abengourou (southeast), just 220 km from the economic capital Abidjan.

The Ambassador of Cote d'Ivoire in France named by Alassane Ouattara, Ally Coulibaly, assured that his forces controlled camp "three quarters" of the country.

Yamoussoukro, the birthplace of the "Father of the Nation" Felix Houphouet-Boigny (1960-93) became the political capital of the world's leading exporter of cocoa, has fallen into the hands of fighters pro-Ouattara, virtually without a fight, only a few shots with Kalashnikov were heard, residents said.

"Yamoussoukro is under control of Republican Forces, the jubilant crowd cheering, they parade in town," said a resident of the capital.

On board the pick-ups with machine guns or motorcycles, they roam the city by launching shouting, witnesses said.

According to several testimonies, the pro-Ouattara continued their way south, leaving a small detachment in the political capital.

A resident of Toumodi (50 km south of Yamoussoukro) ensured to have heard gunfire in the afternoon in this village, located about 200 km from Abidjan.

On the eastern front, the forces are advancing rapidly pro-Ouattara, without meeting strong resistance, approaching a little closer to Abidjan, where new recruits began Wednesday to enlist in the army of the president.

On the western front, they are now the cocoa port of San Pedro.

More than 400,000 tons of cocoa are blocked from calling the camp Ouattara to stop exports. This measure has been further strengthened by Western sanctions.Ouattara government warned Wednesday, "an exporter" of cocoa "collaborate" with the president.

Gbagbo's camp had called Tuesday night to a "cease-fire immediately," declaring himself ready for negotiations with the rival camp under the auspices of the African Union in Addis Ababa in early April.

But Anne Ouloto, spokesman for Mr. Ouattara, responded by asking supporters of Mr Gbagbo to "disarm," saying that the call for a cease-fire was a "diversion".

Pope Benedict XVI on his side announced its decision to send an envoy to Côte d'Ivoire to promote "reconciliation and peace" and called for "a process of constructive dialogue."

CYCLING: Alberto Contador is appealing his suspension for doping

AFP - The cyclist Alberto Contador said Friday he had "never doped" and would "appeal" and fight to the end to prove his innocence at his first press conference after announcement of his suspension for one year.

"I'm going to appeal, where it will be necessary to defend my innocence to the end," Contador said at a news conference in Puigpunyent, near Palma de Mallorca (Balearic Islands, Spain).

"During these ten days I'll work up with my lawyers to see justice done," said Tour de France 2010.

"I never doped myself, I am an example of cleanliness," he said.

Contador, 28, underwent 21 July 2010 in Pau, at a rest day of the Tour de France, a positive drug test that revealed trace amounts of clenbuterol, a product that stimulates lung function and also has anabolic effects.

The three-time winner of the Tour de France has always defended by claiming to have been a victim of food contamination.

He faces a one-year suspension, sanction proposed by the Spanish Cycling Federation, and the loss of his Tour victory in 2010.

The final sanction, subject to appeal before the Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS) is to be known until mid-February.

Hu Jintao to the U.S. to resolve differences between the two countries

The White House will deploy, on Wednesday, an arsenal of prestige for ceremonial welcome for four days with Chinese President Hu Jintao arrived in Washington the day before. This is the first visit by a Chinese head of state in the U.S. for thirteen years. Despite U.S. efforts (arrival ceremony, meets in the Oval Office with Barack Obama, news conference before a sumptuous dinner), this meeting between two giants of the global economy looks tense.

And for good reason, Washington and Beijing will try to resolve their deep differences after a complicated year 2010.Whether the economic and monetary policy, foreign policy or record of human rights, the two countries disagree on many issues.

Monetary policy at the heart of discussions

On Wednesday, it is the economic and trade issues to be addressed by both leaders. The main demand for U.S. monetary policy in China. According to Washington, the undervaluation of the yuan, Chinese currency, lead the U.S. trade deficit with regard to Beijing (270 billion). The U.S. Treasury Secretary Timothy Geithner reiterated last week his wish to see the yuan appreciate more. For the Chinese, the yuan revaluation will take time.Especially as the weakness of their currency is the backbone of the country's growth based on export capacity.

This question is at the heart of discussions between Barack Obama and Hu Jintao on Wednesday in Washington."These two countries, one still dominant and the other emerging, maintain such an economic interdependence, trade and finance that it is normal to see their relations tense as everyone's interests," said Francoise Lemoine, Senior Economist Centre for Future Studies and International Information (CEPII).

She says an economic compromise is possible between the two parties, because "the Chinese market represents a challenge as the Americans have every incentive to insist on the opening of the market economy in the world." Indeed, Obama's priority is economic.This visit should lead to the signing of a series of contracts, a quarantine, with U.S. companies like Boeing and General Electric. "The White House wants to highlight opportunities for U.S. companies and their exports to China will be positive for employment in the country," said William Meyer, Washington correspondent for FRANCE 24.

Human rights and diplomacy

Besides the monetary and economic policy, the two leaders must address their many disagreements that have plagued their diplomatic relations.Up for discussion arms sales to Taiwan, the visit of the Dalai Lama and Nobel Peace Liu Xiaobo.

The spokesman for the White House, Robert Gibbs, said Obama would talk "directly to his concerns on the issue of human rights" during his state dinner with the Chinese president Wednesday night. U.S. President knows awaited on this issue. In 2009, he postponed a scheduled appointment at the White House with the Dalai Lama, the Tibetan spiritual leader, not to upset Beijing.

Finally, the United States want their host to pressure the North Korean authorities in Pyongyang's nuclear issue and escalating tension with South Korea.